Moquette or tufted carpet.



. No. 850,573. PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

G. W. GROSVENOR.

MOQUBTTE 0R TUFTED CARPET. APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 3. 190a.

' winwgs. N 4

Jr/n's.

ms NORRIS PEw-ERs,co., WASHINGTON, o. c

UNITED STATES GEORGE WILLIAM GROSVENOR,

PATENT ()FFIUIJ.

NIOQUETTE OR TUFTED CARPET.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aprilil 6, 1907.

Application filed January 3,1903. Serial No. 137,6 '73.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE IVILLIAM GR'OSVENOR, a subject of His Majesty the King of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, residing at Broome House, near Stourbridge,in the county of Worcester, England, carpet manufacturer, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Moquette. or Tufted Carpets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to those carpets which are known as moquettes or tufted carpets, and has for its objects to enable a thicker yarn than heretofore to be used for the pile-tufts, so as to make a heavier and deeper pile fabric similar to Turkey carpets without unduly thickening the back or selvages of the same.

In carrying out this invention a lesser number of the said pile-tufts made of the thicker yarn are inserted in a given space, so as to make room for the thicker yarn used, and instead of using thicker wefts to make the backing correspond to the increased bulk of the pile-tufts I obtain the requisite amount of backing by weaving one or more units or stitches of the said backing between each row of pile-tufts, the weft-threads being of a suitable size to make a good selvage and to fill up the space required between the rows of piletufts.

The result of my invention is that for each row of pile-tufts in the fabric there is one, two, or more stitches of backing between the rows of pile, or, in other words, two or more stitches are woven to each row of pile-tufts.

I prefer having one stitch between the rows of pile, as there is less weaving required and the production is greater. The pile goes round two wefts namely, an upper weft and a lower weft-as is hereinafter described.

The omission of the pile-tufts where not required is caused by leaving empty places on the bobbin carriers or chains where the pile is to be left out and putting pile-bobbins on only where the pile is required to be inserted or by causing the tufting or pile-forming mechanism to act only when the pile-tufts are required for insertion.

The improved fabric above described may be woven on any kind of loom that is capable of being made to omit the tufting or pileforming process at the required times.

The iigure on the accompanying drawing is a cross-section taken parallel with the warps of a piece of moquette or tufted carpet woven in accordance with this invention; but the threads are for clearness shown much farther apart than in the actual carpet.

Referring to the drawing, it will be seen that the rows of pile-tufts are marked, respec tively, a a a (t and the weaving is an ordinary two-shot stitch, the tufts passing round two wefts'namely, an upper weft b and a lower weft cand between each row of tufts there is one stitch composed of a top weft Z1 and a bottom weft c woven without any tufts. It will readily be understood that an ordinary loom, which weaves ordinary moquette or royal axminster carpets, is avail able for weaving this fabric when altered as hereinafter described.

It will be understood that d c are the two binding-warps, and f is the stuffer or dead- Warp.

This construction enables the upper weft b to divide the two halves of the piled tufts and to give a good distribution of the woven fabric, and at the same time the alternate back wefts a", round which the piled tufts do not pass, take the bearing of the pile-tufts and bind, them firmly in the fabric. Thus the two wefts 7) c inclosed by the row of piletufts naturally form the stitch or section which has the row of pile, and the alternate welts (marked 0 0) form the stitch or section without any pile, combined also with the pile-tufts passing round the two wefts b c. In order to cause the pile to pass round the two wefts Z/ c, as above described, the bobbin and tubes after insertil'ig the pile-tufts through the warps have to wait in position until the two wefts Z) e have been inserted and beaten up by the lay against the pile instead of having to wait only for one weft, as heretofore. The ordinary comb then turns up the pile round both wefts b c and the knife cuts the pile, and so releases the bobbin to be returned to the chains, and the next bobbin is taken down to repeat the operation in the usual manner. The tufting mechanism thus has to wait for two wefts to be inserted, which if inserted one after the other takes up more time than in the ordinary looms. This has to be provided for as I will now explain. In the ordinary looms where the tufting mechanism has to wait for only one weft to be inserted one To obviate the useless repeat of the tulting motions and cause them to act only when required and give them. time to walt tor the insertion of the second welt c, I substitute one slower revolution of the loomsay for two ordinary revolutions to take up the same time or run at about halt the speed, and

instead of all the motions being twice re- 1 peated those of the tufting process would be made to occur but once in the revolution with the extra time saved by omitting the useless motions, and the shedding of the warps and weft-inserting motions would be duplicated, so as to weave the two stitches also in the one revolution. Although the loom or main shaft is made to run slower, the cams can be shaped to cause the individual parts to move as quickly as desired, as is well known, and at the same time it gives greater scope for arranging those portions which have to occur but once in the revolution. The two-shot stitch being employed, there would be two stitches woven with two welts each, one stitch with a row of pile and the other without, or four welts in all to one revolution, or, in other words, the loom would be working in four-shot time instead of two revolutions each in two-shot time. I am aware that fourshot looms have previous to my invention been worked so as to insert four wel ts in one revolution.for instance, as described in the specification of the British Patent No. 235 of 1877; but they only wove a single stitch with the four welts, not divisable into two stitches or sections, as in my invention. ll accordingly adopt the above four-shot loom as a basis, retaining and adjusting such parts as are suitable and altering others to weave the fabric with the alternate stitches without any tufts in accordance with my invention. I find, therefore, that some of the cams for the tufting process will do again-namely, the cams for the bobbin-chains and the combcams. The exceptions are the cams for the transferring-arms and the knife-cams; but those cams of the ordinary three-shot looms will be right for my purpose. The cams for the lay to beat up the four wel ts and for the needle to insert the we'lts and for operating the selvage-shuttle will also do again. The two cams for operating the binder-warps are mainly the same as Fig. 1 of the specification of British Patent No. 21,896 of 1395, which must be mounted on the main shaft and duplicat'ed to produce two stitches in the four shot revolution, but are made alike; but the one cam. is placed on the loom in a reverse position to the other, so that when one cam raises the warp the other lowers it, as is well understood. A slight alteration, however, may be made in the part of the cam for putting the warps level in their middle position in connection with the tul ting process, which now only occurs once in the revolutiontliat is to say, in the cam A of Fig. 1 ol British patent specification No. 21,896/95. The projection I) to 0 may be shortened. in the drawing by taking one-eighth of an inch oil the l) and 0 ends, leaving that part a little over onequarter of an inch in the center part, and. the fellow cam must be the same, so as to lessen the time ol. the leveled warps and give it to the adjoining motion or motions. Thecam for the stu'l'l'er-warp is also mainly the same as Fig. 5 of the above patent and must be mounted on the main shaft and is also duplicated to repeat twice in the tourshot revolution; but a similar alteration to the above may be made in the cam E of Fig. 5 of the British patent specification No. 21,896/95-that is, the projection y to- 2 may be shortened by taking one-quarter of an inch oil the 2 end, so as to lessen the time in the leveled warps and give it to the adjoining motion or motions.

I will now describe the sequence of motions or the order o'l weaving the fabric shown by the drawing, so as to enable any loom-tuner with a knowledge oi this class ol loom to arrange the various earns 10 produce the desired result.

Starting with the t'ul'ting process, which may be said to begin. the revolution. of the loom, a bobbin with. tubes through which the pile ends project is taken down from the chains by the traiisferring-arms, and the tubes, with the projecting pile ends, are by the said arms pushed down through. the warps to project on to the underside, and the pile ends are then placed close up to the weaving-point. The two threads or bind ingwarps, the one up at its highest position and. the other at its lowest, remain in the same positions l'rom a previously-inserted back we'lt, but with the stu'll'er at its lowestposition form the :hed into which. the needle inserts an upper welt Z). This is then beaten up by the lay against the pile ends. The two threads of binding-warps then cross or change places, and the stull'er is raised to its highest position and the needle inserts the back weft e, which is also beaten up by the lay against the pile ends. i (hile the lay is pressing up the said wefts I) 0 against the pile ends the transharing-arms lift the bobbin a little to draw oil the length. of yarn to form the piletul ts. The comb then. turns up the pile ends project ng below the back or the fabric up through the warps to the sur face, and thus passes them round the two wefts I) 0 just inserted. The knife then cuts the pile above the surface to release the bobbin and tubes to be replaced on the chains by the transferring-arms, which wait a little for the chains to bring round the next bobbin for the said arms to take down and repeat the operations. In the meantime the two threads of binding-warps remaining in the same positions from the insertion of the back weft 0 round which the pile is passed on to the upper weft and with the stuffer now lowered forms a shed into which the needle inserts an upper weft b The two threads of binding-warps again cross or change places, and the stuffer is raised for the needle to insert a back weft 0 Both wefts b c are in turn beaten up by the lay and form the stitch or section without any pile between the rows of pile. This completes the cycle of motions, or the one revolution of the loom,

and brings it round to the starting-point for repeating the operations as above described.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A moquette or tufted carpet in which one or more stitches or complete cycles of shots of the backing without any pile-tufts, is or are woven between each stitch or complete cycle of shots containing the pile-tufts, and with the pile-tufts passing round two wefts namely an upper and a lower Weft, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE WILLIAM GROSVENOR. 

